The X-ray spectrum of NGC 7213 and the Seyfert–LINER connection

We present an XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert-LINER galaxy NGC 7213. The RGS soft X-ray spectrum is well fitted with a power law plus soft X-ray collisionally ionised thermal plasma (kT = 0.18 −0.01 keV). We confirm the presence of Fe I, XXV and XXVI Kα emission in the EPIC spectrum and set tighter constraints on their equivalent widths of 82 −13, 24 +9 −11 and 24 +10 −13 eV respectively. We compare the observed properties together with the inferred mass accretion rate of NGC 7213, to those of other Seyfert and LINER galaxies. We find that NGC 7213 has intermediate X-ray spectral properties lying between those of the weak AGN found in the LINER M81 and higher luminosity Seyfert galaxies. There appears to be a continuous sequence of X-ray properties from the Galactic Centre through LINER galaxies to Seyferts, likely determined by the amount of material available for accretion in the central regions.